tape back up

[Glenn Burkhardt]

I run a backup of all our machines (Linux, SunOS, Solaris, Win98, WinNT)
each night on a DDS-3 drive.  I have two scripts (attached), run by 'cron'
each night.  It's been working fine for years.  You don't mention how many
machines you're backing up, though.

P.S.  The scripts require Bash...
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#!/bin/bash
#

append()	# append item to backup list table
{
    n=${#blist[*]}
    blist[$n]=$1
}

# Backup table
#
#     host    platform  filesystem   levels (Full/Incremental MTWTF)
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd0a 		F I I I I'
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd0g 		F I I I I'
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd0h 		F I I I I'
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd1c 		F I I I I'
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd2c 		I F I I I'
append 'aoi        SunOS    /dev/rsd3c 		I F I I I'
#####################
append 'brontes    SunOS    /dev/rsd0a 		I F I I I'
append 'brontes    SunOS    /dev/rsd0g 		I F I I I'
append 'brontes    SunOS    /dev/rsd0h 		I F I I I'
#####################
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd0a 		I F I I I'
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd0g 		I F I I I'
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd0h 		I I F I I'
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd3a 		I I F I I'
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd3b 		I I F I I'
append 'artemis    SunOS    /dev/rsd3d 		I I F I I'
#####################
append 'loki       LinuxTar /mnt/nt/gbb 	I I I F I'
append 'loki       Linux    /dev/sda2 		I I I F I'
#####################
append 'priam      LinuxTar /etc		F F F F F'
append 'priam      LinuxTar /var/named		F F F F F'
#####################
append 'hydra      SunOS    /dev/rsd0a 		I I I F I'
append 'hydra      SunOS    /dev/rsd0g 		I I I F I'
append 'hydra      SunOS    /dev/rsd0h 		I I I F I'
append 'hydra      SunOS    /dev/rsd6c 		I I I I F'
append 'hydra      SunOS    /dev/rsd2c 		I I I I F'
#####################
append 'pendragon  Linux    /dev/hda1 		I I I F I'
#####################
append 'raijin     Linux    /dev/sda2 		I I I F I'
append 'raijin     Linux    /dev/sdb1 		I I I F I'
#####################
append 'muse       Linux    /home		I I I F I'
#####################
append 'ceres      Solaris  /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0	I I I F I'
append 'ceres      Solaris  /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s7	I I I F I'


# Using 'dd' to write the tape avoids requiring .rhosts on artemis (owner
# of the tape drive) giving access to root from the other systems.  If
# the command were of the form 'rsh <remothost> dump f artemis:/dev/rst0',
# artemis would need to give root rsh privileges to <remotehost>.  Not doing
# this avoids giving system wide superuser privileges to people with Unix
# machines on their desks, while allowing those same people to have 
# superuser privileges for the machines on their desks.
#

TAPEDEV=/dev/nst0
WRT_TAPE="dd of=$TAPEDEV obs=126b"

error_exit()
{
    echo "The nightly backup failed" | mail -s "backup failed" backuplist
    mt -f $TAPEDEV rewoffl
    exit
}

dump_host()	# args: host platform filesystem levels
{
    echo '####################'
    date
    # first test if we can access remote host
    rsh -n $1 echo
    if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
	echo "rsh to $1 failed" | mail -s "backup failed" backuplist
	return
    fi

    # Determine backup level for today.  Get the day of the week, and
    # add in the offset to the backup level arguments.  The crontab entries
    # run backups starting at midnight, Monday night - Friday night, so
    # the day of week numbers will be 2-6.  The level arguments start at $4.

    day_of_week=$((`date +%w` + 2))
    if [ $day_of_week -lt 4 ] ; then day_of_week=4 ; fi
    if [ $day_of_week -gt 8 ] ; then day_of_week=8 ; fi
    level=${!day_of_week}

    if [ $level = F ] ; then
        dl=0
	echo File $fileno: Full backup of $3 on $1
    else
        dl=5
	echo File $fileno: Incremental backup of $3 on $1
    fi

    case $2 in 
	SunOS)    rsh -n $1 /etc/dump ${dl}uf - $3 | $WRT_TAPE ;;
	Solaris)  rsh -n $1 /usr/sbin/ufsdump ${dl}uf - $3 | $WRT_TAPE ;;
	Linux)    rsh -n $1 /sbin/dump ${dl}uf - $3 | $WRT_TAPE ;;
	LinuxTar) if [ $level = F ] ; then
		    rsh -n $1 tar zcf - $3 | $WRT_TAPE
		  else
		    rsh -n $1 tar zcf - -N \"7 days ago\" $3 | $WRT_TAPE
		  fi ;;
    esac

    if [ $? != 0 ] ; then error_exit ; fi

    fileno=$(($fileno + 1))
}

date
mt -f $TAPEDEV rewind
if [ $? != 0 ] ; then error_exit; fi

#
#set -v
cd /root/backup 

# Put a copy of the backup scripts on the tape as File 0
tar cvf $TAPEDEV backup pc.backup
if [ $? != 0 ] ; then error_exit; fi

# Main loop.  Execute the backup for each host entry.
fileno=1
i=0
while [ $i -lt ${#blist[*]} ] ; do

    dump_host ${blist[$i]}

    i=$(($i + 1))
done

# Roll over the transaction log
#rsh -n artemis /backup/minxkill

date
echo File $fileno - 'M$-win units'
/root/backup/pc.backup $fileno

mt -f $TAPEDEV rewoffl
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#! /bin/bash
if [ $# = 0 ] ; then
    fileno=0
else
    fileno=$1
fi

SMBC=/usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient
cd /root/backup
TAPE=/dev/nst0

FAILED_MSG="\
Backups were not done this evening because your machine is not available on\n\
the network.  Please be sure to leave your machine on each night so backups\n\
can be done.  Thank you!"

EXCLUDE='windows winnt dos xnfs orcadwin MAXPLUS2 emacs OmniX OmniNFSXe \
    MSOffice Office wpwin60 Acrobat3 engr wpc20 DMI ATI PAGEMGR KPCMS OPLIMIT \
    wpwin60 dell mouse vibra16 teac winmcad win32app acroread acrobat3 \
    bsdl pkware ACADR13 DTEXT23 MCVHDL RECYCLED lotus Corel Eudora/eudora.log \
    ACER MAX2WORK ticd abel3 clipart HPFONTS ORCADWIN ICM98 OrCad2 gs \
	ALLIED99 CKWIN7 gstools PSFONTS synplicity WINPROJ'

#  Hosts with full access to shares with <PASSWORD> 
#
# 
blAppend()
{
    n=${#hlist[*]}	# appednd to host list
    hlist[$n]=$1

    n=${#slist[*]}	# append to share list
    slist[$n]=$2

    n=${#olist[*]}	# append to owner email name list 
    olist[$n]=$3
}

# Build list of 
#         host   share user-to-notify
blAppend drachma   C    sandra
blAppend kopek     C    johnf
blAppend masada    C    mike
blAppend vishnu    C    maureen
blAppend aries     C    laura
blAppend fujin     C    jim
blAppend fujin     D    jim
blAppend pellinore C    ellen
blAppend sappho    C    dolores
blAppend diana     C    pbm
blAppend osimo     C    yvan

i=0
while [ $i -lt ${#hlist[*]} ] ; do
    echo
    date
    echo ping ${hlist[$i]}
    ping -c 1 ${hlist[$i]}
    if [ $? != 0 ] ; then
      echo email to ${olist[$i]} for ${hlist[$i]} not available
      echo $FAILED_MSG | mail -s "Backup for ${hlist[$i]} failed" ${olist[$i]}
      echo $FAILED_MSG | mail -s "Backup for ${hlist[$i]} (${olist[$i]}) failed" backuplist
    else
      echo File ${fileno}: ${hlist[$i]}
      $SMBC \\\\${hlist[$i]}\\${slist[$i]} "PASSWORD" -TcbX 126 $TAPE \
	    	"Program Files" $EXCLUDE &> ${hlist[$i]}-${slist[$i]}.log

      fileno=$(($fileno + 1))
    fi
    i=$(($i + 1))
done

echo "PC backups complete"
date